PhysioU: Gait Case Studies Key Answers
20 year-old female with severe right tibial pain
- Insufficient pronation during loading response (Pes cavus)
- Appears to walk on outside of feet with callus formation on the outer feet
- Insufficient dorsiflexion during terminal stance (early heel off)
20 year-old male with lateral knee pain- Iliotibial band syndrome
- Femoral internal rotation
- Insufficient knee extension during terminal swing
- Foot flat initial contact
21 year-old female with insidious onset central low back pain and anterior knee pain
- Low back sprain/ patellofemoral. pain
- Pelvic drop during loading response through mid-stance
- Inducing repetitive movements in the lumbar spine
22 year-old female with heel pain- Plantar fasciitis
- Increased pronation
- Reduced dorsiflexion during terminal stance (early heel off)
- Forefoot abduction
23 year-old male with great toe pain and heel pain- Turf toe/plantar fasciitis
- Decreased right great toe extension during terminal stance
- Insufficient dorsiflexion during terminal stance
27 year-old lateral ankle pain- Peroneal tendon subluxation
- Excessive pronation during loading response through terminal stance
- Excessive calcaneal eversion during loading response through terminal stance
- Lack of resupination during terminal stance
- Forefoot abduction during loading response through terminal stance
55 year-old female 2 years post stroke with left hemiplegia
# Stance phase
- Left forefoot contact
- Lack of hip and knee flexion during loading response
- Insufficient dorsiflexion during terminal stance (early heel off)
- Knee hyperextension during loading response and mid stance
- Knee valgus during mid stance
- Femoral adduction during mid stance
- Insufficient hip extension during terminal stance
# Swing phase
- Insufficient dorsiflexion during initial swing
- Insufficient hip and knee flexion during pre swing through mid swing
- Excessive hip abduction in pre swing and mid swing
56 year-old male with challenges during community ambulation- Complete quadriplegia
# Stance
- Anterior trunk lean
- Foot flat initial contact, resulting in lack of heel rocker
- Excessive knee flexion during initial contact thru terminal stance
- Lack of anterior pelvic translation during stance phase
- Insufficient hip extension during terminal stance- Increased hip flexion during mid stance
- Insufficient hip extension during terminal stance
- Decreased anterior pelvic translation during stance
- Right trunk posterior lean during stance
- Bilateral lower extremity external rotation
# Swing
- Insufficient hip and knee flexion during pre swing through mid swing resulting in decreased step length
- Right hip hike during swing
57 year-old female with medial knee pain
- Knee Osteoarthritis
- Varus thrust during loading response, resulting in increased loading of medial compartment of knee
- Contralateral pelvic drop during loading response and mid stance
- Inadequate knee extension during terminal swing
- Inadequate knee flexion during loading response resulting in poor shock absorption
- Note the joint deformity of the medial compartment of the right knee
- Subject is >50 years old
- Stiffness in the morning less than 30 minutes
63 year-old with lower extremity paresthesias- Diabetic neuropathy
# Stance phase
- Toe out gait for increased balance
- Increased forward trunk lean
- Decreased trunk rotation
- Decreased step length bilaterally
- Right trendelenburg gait (uncompensated)
# Swing phase
- Decreased hip extension during pre-swing
- Decreased hip flexion during mid and terminal swing
67 year-old female with chronic back and leg pain- Spinal Stenosis
- Insufficient hip extension
- Lumbar extension posture which increases neuroforaminal pressures
- Inability to walk without 9/10 pain for greater than 5 minutes
71 year-old male with balance impairments/falls and right knee pain
- Parkinson’s Disease
- Toe out gait for improved balance
- Mild reduction in stride length- Decreased impact on heel strike at initial contact
- Subject had mild difficulty with initiating and stopping movement
- Note the tremor in the hand and the flat affect